The Hebrew Language Academy renames Israel’s most venomous snake to avoid dangerous confusion with vipers in emergency treatment.
In a critical move aimed at enhancing medical clarity and public awareness, the Academy of the Hebrew Language has officially changed the name of one of Israel’s most venomous snakes. Previously known as the “Black Viper,” the deadly serpent will now be called Saraf Ein Gedi.
The renaming was formalized during a plenary session held on June 9, 2025 (13 Sivan, 5785), following a recommendation from the Academy’s Zoology Committee, led by Dr. Liat Gidron. The decision came after persistent appeals from zoologists and emergency medicine professionals, who warned that the snake’s old name could lead to fatal treatment errors due to its misleading association with vipers.
Dr. Boaz Shaham of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem emphasized the high-stakes nature of the distinction: “Saraf Ein Gedi is the most venomous snake native to Israel, active mainly at night. Its bite demands immediate hospitalization and close observation—there’s currently no antivenom for its venom. Worse still, administering viper antivenom by mistake could prove deadly.”
Dr. Barak Dan, scientific secretary of the Academy, explained that such name changes are made only when absolutely necessary. “The term ‘viper’ was misleading,” he said. “Recent taxonomic research has clarified that this species is not a true viper but a member of the pit viper family. The new name not only reflects its biological identity, but also echoes the biblical saraf, a fiery and lethal snake from the Israelites’ desert journey—an apt symbol of danger.”
Medical professionals welcomed the change, noting that quick identification in emergency settings is crucial. “This isn’t just about taxonomy,” Dr. Shaham added. “It’s about saving lives. Confusing the Saraf’s venom with that of true vipers can cost precious minutes—and lives.”
The Academy also approved updated Hebrew names for several additional species as part of a broader zoological nomenclature effort.
